Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS)

Anesthesia Implications

Clinically reviewed by anesthesia providers · Updated July 28, 2026

HypoxiaAvoid HypoxiaCyanosisDyspneaAvoid IV bubblesPosition CarefullyAvoid HypotensionAspirationFull StomachBlood Loss (Excessive)

Pathophysiology

Hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) is the triad of liver disease or portal hypertension , an oxygenation defect ( PaO2 under 80 mmHg, or an alveolar-arterial gradient of 15 mmHg or more on room air), and...

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Master Anesthesia

Master Anesthesia

Hepatopulmonary Syndrome (HPS)

Pathophysiology

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